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? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 1 mcp2030 device features: ? three input pins for analog input signals ? high input detection sensitivity (3 mv pp , typical) ? high modulation depth sensitivity (as low as 8%) ? three output selections: - demodulated data - carrier clock - rssi ? input carrier frequency: 125 khz, typical ? input data rate: 10 kbps, maximum ? 8 internal configuration registers ? bidirectional transponder communication (lf talk back) ? programmable antenna tuning capacitance (up to 63 pf, 1 pf/step) ? programmable output enable filter ? low standby current: 4 ? a (with 3 channels enabled), typical ? low operating current: 13 ? a (with 3 channels enabled), typical ? serial peripheral interface (spi?) with external devices ? supports battery back-up mode and batteryless operation with external circuits ? industrial and extended temperature range: -40c to +85c (industrial) typical applications: ? automotive industry applications: - passive keyless entry (pke) transponder - remote door locks and gate openers - engine immobilizer - lf initiator sensor for tire pressure monitoring systems ? security industry applications: - long range access control transponder - parking lot entry transponder - hands-free apartment door access - asset control and management description: the mcp2030 is a stand-alone analog front-end (afe) device for low-frequency (lf) sensing and bidi- rectional communication applications. the device has eight internal configuration registers which are readable and programmable, except the read-only status register, by an external device. the device has three low-frequency input channels. each input channel can be individually enabled or dis- abled. the device can detect an input signal with ampli- tude as low as ~1 mv pp and can demodulate an amplitude-modulated input signal with as low as 8% modulation depth. the device can also transmit data by clamping and unclamping the input lc antenna voltage. the device can output demodulated data, carrier clock or rssi current depending on the register setting. the demodulated data and carrier clock outputs are avail- able on the lfdata pin, while the rssi output is avail- able on the rssi pin. the rssi current output is linearly proportional to the input signal strength. the device has programmable internal tuning capaci- tors for each input channel. the user can program these capacitors up to 63 pf, 1 pf per step. these internal tuning capacitors can be used effectively for fine-tuning of the external lc resonant circuit. the device is optimized for very low current consump- tion and has various battery-saving low-power modes (sleep, standby, active). the device can also be oper- ated in battery back-up and batteryless modes using a few external components. this device is available in 14-pin pdip, soic, and tssop packages. this device is also used as the afe in the pic16f639. package types: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 14 13 12 9 11 10 8 nc lccom lcx v ss lfdata/ v dd lcz lcy v ss cs sclk/alert rssi nc v dd cclk/sdio mcp2030 pdip, soic, tssop three-channel anal og front-end device
mcp2030 ds21981b-page 2 ? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. notes:
? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 3 mcp2030 1.0 electrical specifications absolute maximum ratings (?) ambient temperature under bias...................-40c to +125c storage temperature .................................... -65c to +150c voltage on v dd with respect to v ss ............... -0.3v to +6.5v voltage on all other pins with respect to v ss ...................................... -0.3v to (v dd + 0.3v) maximum current out of v ss pin .................................300 ma maximum current into v dd pin ....................................250 ma maximum lc input voltage (lcx, lcy, lcz) loaded, with device........................10.0 v pp maximum lc input voltage (lcx, lcy, lcz) unloaded, without device.............700.0 v pp maximum input current (rms) into device per lc channel.............................................................10 ma human body esd rating ....................................2000 (min.) v machine model esd rating ..................................200 (min.) v ? notice: stresses above those listed under ?maximum ratings? may cause permanent damage to the device. this is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at those or any other conditions above those indicated in the operation listings of this specific ation is not implied. exposure to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. dc characteristics electrical specifications: standard operating conditions (unless otherwise stated) operating temperature -40 ? c ? t a ? +85 ? c lc signal input sinusoidal 300 mv pp carrier frequency 125 khz lccom connected to v ss parameters sym. min. typ? max. units conditions supply voltage v dd 2.0 3.0 3.6 v v dd start voltage to ensure internal power-on reset signal v por ??1.8v modulation transistor-on resistance r m ?50100 ? v dd = 3.0v active current (detecting signal) 1 lc input channel receiving signal 3 lc input channel receiving signals i act ? ? 10 13 ? 18 ? a ? a cs = v dd input = continuous wave (cw); amplitude = 300 mv pp . all channels enabled. standby current (wait to detect signal) 1 lc input channel enabled 2 lc input channels enabled 3 lc input channels enabled i stdby ? ? ? 2 3 4 5 6 7 ? a ? a ? a cs = v dd ; alert = v dd sleep current i sleep ?0.2 1 ? acs = v dd ; alert = v dd analog input leakage current lcx, lcy, lcz lccom i ail ? ? ? ? ?? 1 ?? 1 ? a ? a v dd = 3.6v, v ss ? v in ? 1v with respect to ground. internal tuning capacitors are switched off, tested in sleep mode. digital input low voltage v il v ss ? 0.3 v dd v sclk, sdi, cs digital input high voltage v ih 0.8 v dd ?v dd v sclk, sdi, cs digital input leakage current (note 1) sdi sclk, cs i il ? ? ? ? ?? 1 ?? 1 ? a ? a v dd = 3.6v v ss ? v pin ? v dd v pin ? v dd digital output low voltage alert , lfdata/sdio v ol ??v ss + ? 0.4 v analog front-end section i ol = 1.0 ma, v dd = 2.0v digital output high voltage alert , lfdata/sdio v oh v dd - 0.5 ? ? v i oh = -400 ? a, v dd = 2.0v digital input pull-up resistor cs , sclk r pu 50 200 350 k ? v dd = 3.6v * these parameters are characterized but not tested. ? data in ?typ? column is at 3.0v, +25 ? c unless otherwise stated. these parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. note 1: negative current is defined as current sourced by the pin.
mcp2030 ds21981b-page 4 ? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ac characteristics electrical specifications: standard operating conditions (unless otherwise stated) supply voltage 2.0v ?? v dd ?? 3.6v operating temperature -40c ? t a ? +85c lccom connected to v ss lc signal input sinusoidal 300 mv pp carrier frequency 125 khz lccom connected to v ss parameters sym. min. typ? max. units conditions input sensitivity v sense 13.0 6mv pp v dd = 3.0v output enable filter disabled agcsig = 0 ; modmin = 00 (33% modulation depth setting) input = continuous wave (cw) output = logic level transition from low-to-high at sensitivity level for cw input. coil de-q?ing voltage - rf limiter (r flm ) must be active v de_q 3? 5 vv dd = 3.0v, force i in = 5 ? a (worst case) rf limiter turn-on resistance (lcx, lcy, lcz) r flm ? 300 700 ? v dd = 2.0v, v in = 8 v dc sensitivity reduction s adj ? ? 0 -30 ? ? db db v dd = 3.0v no sensitivity reduction selected max. reduction selected monotonic increment in attenuation value from setting = 0000 to 1111 by design minimum modulation depth 60% setting 33% setting 14% setting 8% v in_mod ? ? ? 60 33 14 8 84 49 26 % % % % v dd = 3.0v see section 5.21 ?minimum modulation depth requirement for input signal? . see modulation depth definition in figure 5-5. carrier frequency f carrier ?125 ? khz input modulation frequency f mod ? ? 10 khz input data rate with nrz data format. v dd = 3.0v minimum modulation depth setting = 33% input conditions: amplitude = 300 mv pp modulation depth = 100% lcx tuning capacitor c tunx ? 44 0 59 ? 82 pf pf v dd = 3.0v, config. reg. 1, bits <6:1> setting = 000000 63 pf 30% config. reg. 1, bits <6:1> setting = 111111 63 steps, approx. 1 pf/step monotonic increment in capacitor value from setting = 000000 to 111111 by design lcy tuning capacitor c tuny ? 44 0 59 ? 82 pf pf v dd = 3.0v, config. reg. 2, bits <6:1> setting = 000000 63 pf 30% config. reg. 2, bits <6:1> setting = 111111 63 steps, approx. 1 pf/step monotonic increment in capacitor value from setting = 000000 to 111111 by design lcz tuning capacitor c tunz ? 44 0 59 ? 82 pf pf v dd = 3.0v, config. reg. 3, bits<6:1> setting = 000000 63 pf 30% config. reg. 3, bits<6:1> setting = 111111 63 steps, approx. 1 pf/step monotonic increment in capacitor value from setting = 000000 to 111111 by design q of internal tuning capacitors q_c 50 * ? ? demodulator charge time (delay time of demodulated output to rise) t dr ?50 ? ? sv dd = 3.0v minimum modulation depth setting = 33% input conditions: amplitude = 300 mv pp modulation depth = 100% * parameter is characterized but not tested. ? data in ?typ? column is at 3.0v, 25c unless otherwise stated. these parameters are for design guidance only and are not teste d. note 1: required output enable filter high time must account for input path analog delays (= t oeh - t dr + t df ). 2: required output enable filter low time must account for input path analog delays (= t oel + t dr - t df ).
? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 5 mcp2030 demodulator discharge time (delay time of demodulated output to fall) t df ?50 ? ? sv dd = 3.0v mod depth setting = 33% input conditions: amplitude = 300 mv pp modulation depth = 100% rise time of lfdata tr lfdata ?0.5 ? ? sv dd ?? 3.0v. time is measured from 10% to 90% of amplitude fall time of lfdata tf lfdata ?0.5 ? ? sv dd ?? 3.0v time is measured from 10% to 90% of amplitude agc stabilization time (t agc + t pag c ) t stab 4?? ms agc initialization time t agc ?3.5 ? ms high time after agc initialization time t pag c ?62.5 ? ? s gap time after agc stabilization time t gap 200 ? ? ? s time element of pulse t e 100 ? ? ? s minimum pulse width time from exiting sleep or por to being ready to receive signal t rdy ??50 * ms minimum time agc level must be held after receiving agc preserve command t pres 5 * ? ? ms agc level must not change more than 10% during t pres . internal rc oscillator frequency f osc 27 32 35.5 khz internal clock trimmed at 32 khz during test inactivity timer time-out t inact 13.5 16 17.75 ms 512 cycles of rc oscillator @ f osc alarm timer time-out t alarm 27 32 35.5 ms 1024 cycles of rc oscillator @ f osc lc pin input resistance for lcx, lcy, lcz pins r in ? 800* ? k ? lccom grounded, v dd = 3v, f carrier = 125 khz. lc pin input parasitic capacitance for lcx, lcy, lcz pins c in ?24* ? pf lccom grounded, v dd = 3v, f carrier = 125 khz. minimum output enable filter high time oeh (bits config0<8:7> ) 01 = 1ms 10 = 2ms 11 = 4ms 00 = filter disabled t oeh 32 (~1 ms) 64 (~2 ms) 128 (~4 ms) ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? clock count rc oscillator = f osc (see f osc specification for variations). viewed from the pin input: (note 1) minimum output enable filter low time oel (bits config0<6:5> ) 00 = 1ms 01 = 1ms 10 = 2ms 11 = 4ms t oel 32 (~1 ms) 32 (~1 ms) 64 (~2 ms) 128 (~4 ms) ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? clock count rc oscillator = f osc viewed from the pin input: (note 2) maximum output enable filter period oeh oel t oeh t oel 01 00 = 1 ms 1 ms (filter 1) 01 01 = 1 ms 1 ms (filter 1) 01 10 = 1 ms 2 ms (filter 2) 01 11 = 1 ms 4 ms (filter 3) t oet ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 96 (~3 ms) 96 (~3 ms) 128 (~4 ms) 192 (~6 ms) clock count rc oscillator = f osc 10 00 = 2 ms 1 ms (filter 4) 10 01 = 2 ms 1 ms (filter 4) 10 10 = 2 ms 2 ms (filter 5) 10 11 = 2 ms 4 ms (filter 6) ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 128 (~4 ms) 128 (~4 ms) 160 (~5 ms) 250 (~8 ms) 11 00 = 4 ms 1 ms (filter 7) 11 01 = 4 ms 1 ms (filter 7) 11 10 = 4 ms 2 ms (filter 8) 11 11 = 4 ms 4 ms (filter 9) ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 192 (~6 ms) 192 (~6 ms) 256 (~8 ms) 320 (~10 ms) 00 xx = filter disabled ? ? ? lfdata output appears as long as input signal level is greater than v sense . ac characteristics (continued) electrical specifications: standard operating conditions (unless otherwise stated) supply voltage 2.0v ?? v dd ?? 3.6v operating temperature -40c ? t a ? +85c lccom connected to v ss lc signal input sinusoidal 300 mv pp carrier frequency 125 khz lccom connected to v ss parameters sym. min. typ? max. units conditions * parameter is characterized but not tested. ? data in ?typ? column is at 3.0v, 25c unless otherwise stated. these parameters are for design guidance only and are not teste d. note 1: required output enable filter high time must account for input path analog delays (= t oeh - t dr + t df ). 2: required output enable filter low time must account for input path analog delays (= t oel + t dr - t df ).
mcp2030 ds21981b-page 6 ? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. rssi current output i rssi ? 6 ? 0.65 12 100 2 20.3 ? ? a ? a ? a v in = 37 mv pp v in = 370 mv pp v dd = 3.0v, v in = 0 to 4 v pp linearly increases with input signal ampli- tude. tested at v in = 37 mv pp , 100 mv pp , and 370 mv pp at +25oc. rssi current linearity ilr rssi -15 ? 15 % tested at room temperature only (see equation 5-1 and figure 5-7 for test method). ac characteristics (continued) electrical specifications: standard operating conditions (unless otherwise stated) supply voltage 2.0v ?? v dd ?? 3.6v operating temperature -40c ? t a ? +85c lccom connected to v ss lc signal input sinusoidal 300 mv pp carrier frequency 125 khz lccom connected to v ss parameters sym. min. typ? max. units conditions * parameter is characterized but not tested. ? data in ?typ? column is at 3.0v, 25c unless otherwise stated. these parameters are for design guidance only and are not teste d. note 1: required output enable filter high time must account for input path analog delays (= t oeh - t dr + t df ). 2: required output enable filter low time must account for input path analog delays (= t oel + t dr - t df ). spi timing electrical specifications: standard operating conditions (unless otherwise stated) supply voltage 2.0v ?? v dd ?? 3.6v operating temperature -40c ? t a ? +85c lc signal input sinusoidal 300 mv pp carrier frequency 125 khz lccom connected to v ss parameters sym. min. typ? max. units conditions sclk frequency f sclk ?? 3mhz cs fall to first sclk edge setup time t cssc 100 ? ? ns sdi setup time t su 30 ? ? ns sdi hold time t hd 50 ? ? ns sclk high time t hi 150 ? ? ns sclk low time t lo 150 ? ? ns sdo setup time t do ??150ns sclk last edge to cs rise setup time t sccs 100 ? ? ns cs high time t csh 500 ? ? ns cs rise to sclk edge setup time t cs1 50 ? ? ns sclk edge to cs fall setup time t cs0 50 ? ? ns sclk edge when cs is high rise time of spi data (spi read command) tr spi ?10?nsv dd ?? 3.0v. time is measured from 10% to 90% of amplitude fall time of spi data (spi read command) tf spi ?10?nsv dd ?? 3.0v. time is measured from 90% to 10% of amplitude ? data in ?typ? column is at 3.0v, 25c unless otherwise stated. these parameters are for design guidance only and are not teste d.
? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 7 mcp2030 2.0 typical performance curves figure 2-1: typical standby current. figure 2-2: typical active current. note: the graphs and tables provided following this note are a statistical summary based on a limited number of samples and are provided for informational purposes only. the performance characteristics listed herein are not tested or guaranteed. in some graphs or tables, the data presented may be outside the specified operating range (e.g., outside specified power supply range) and therefore outside the warranted range. standby current (3 channels enabled) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 2 v 3 v 3.6 v v dd (v) current draw ( ? a) standby current (2 channels enabled) 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 2 v 3 v 3.6 v v dd (v) current draw ( ? a) standby current (1 channel enabled) 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 2 v 3 v 3.6 v v dd (v) current draw ( ? a) +85 ? c +25 ? c -40 ? c +85 ? c +25 ? c -40 ? c +85 ? c +25 ? c -40 ? c active current (3 channels enabled) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 2 v 3 v 3.6 v v dd (v) current draw ( ? a) active current (1 channel enabled) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 v 3 v 3.6 v v dd (v) current draw ( ? a) active current (2 channels enabled) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 2 v 3 v 3.6 v v dd (v) current draw ( ? a) +85 ? c +25 ? c -40 ? c +85 ? c +25 ? c -40 ? c +85 ? c +25 ? c -40 ? c
mcp2030 ds21981b-page 8 ? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. figure 2-3: oscillator frequency vs. temperature, v dd = 3.6v and 2.0v. figure 2-4: oscillator frequency histograms vs. temperature, v dd = 2v. figure 2-5: oscillator frequency histograms vs. temperature at v dd = 3v. figure 2-6: de-q?ed voltage vs. unloaded coil voltage. figure 2-7: modulation transistor-on resistance (+25c). figure 2-8: channel sensitivity vs. bandwidth. 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 temperature (c) oscillator frequency (khz.) osc. freq. @ vdd = 3.6v osc. freq. @ vdd = 2.0v 0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0% 20.0% 25.0% 30.0% 35.0% 40.0% 45.0% 50.0% 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 oscillator frequency (khz.) percentage of occurences (%) -40c 25c 85c v dd = 2.0v 0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0% 20.0% 25.0% 30.0% 35.0% 40.0% 45.0% 50.0% 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 oscillator frequency (khz.) percentage of occurences (%) -40c 25c 85c v dd = 3.6v 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 0 200 400 600 800 unloaded coil voltage (v pp ) de-q'ed (loaded) coil voltage (v pp ) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 0246 v dd (v) ohms ch. x ch. y ch. z 0 5 10 15 20 25 0 200 400 600 f requency (kh z)
? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 9 mcp2030 figure 2-9: typical rssi output current vs. input signal strength. figure 2-10: typical tuned capacitance value vs. configuration register bit setting (v dd = 3v, temperature = +25c. figure 2-11: typical tuned capacitance value vs. configuration register bit setting (v dd = 3v,temperature = -40c. figure 2-12: typical tuned capacitance value vs. configuration register bit setting (v dd = 3v,temperature = +85c. 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 input voltage (v) rssi (a) -40c +85c +25c 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 0 20406080 bit setting (steps) capacitance (pf) ch. x ch. y ch. z 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 0 20406080 bit setting (steps) capacitance (pf) ch. x ch. y ch. z 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 0 20406080 bit setting (steps) capacitance (pf) ch. x ch. y ch. z
mcp2030 ds21981b-page 10 ? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. figure 2-13: examples of rssi output current variations between channel to channel and device to device at room temperature. figure 2-14: example of typical t dr changes over temperature. input signal condition: amplitude = 300 mv pp , modulation depth = 100 %. figure 2-15: example of typical t df changes over temperature. input signal condition: amplitude = 300 mv pp , modulation depth = 100 %. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 02468 input voltage (v) rssi current ( ? a) ch-x ch-y ch-z 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 02468 input voltage (v) rssi current ( ? a) ch-x ch-y ch-z device (a) device (b) device (c) note: equal amplitude is applied to each channel. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 02468 input voltage (v) current ( ? a) ch-x ch-y ch-z 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 85c 25c -20c -40c temperature (c) t dr (s) 8% 14% 33% 60% 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 85c 25c -20c -40c temperature (c) t df (s) 8% 14% 33% 60%
? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 11 mcp2030 2.1 performance plots figure 2-16: input sensitivity example. (a) sensitivity = 1.06 mv pp (b) sensitivity = 3 mv pp demodulated output input signal demodulated output input signal
mcp2030 ds21981b-page 12 ? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. figure 2-17: typical agc initialization time at room temperature (v dd = 3v). note: ch2 is the input and ch1 is the output (demodulated data appears after agc initialization time (t agc )). output enable filter is disabled.
? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 13 mcp2030 figure 2-18: alert output example: with no parity error and no 32 ms alarm timer time-out. note: ch3 is the input with correct output enable filter timing. ch1 is the demodulated lfdata output. ch2 is the alert pin output. it shows that the alert output pin maintains logic high if the input signal meets the programmed filter timing requirement.
mcp2030 ds21981b-page 14 ? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. figure 2-19: alert output example: with 32 ms alarm timer timed out. note: the 32 ms alarm timer is enabled only if the output enable filter is enabled. ch3 is the input signal with incorrect output enable filter timing. ch1 is the demodulated lfdata output. no output since the input filter is not matched. ch2 is the alert output. the output shows that the logic level changes after 32 ms from the agc initialization time (t agc ) if the input signal does not meet the programmed filter timing requirement.
? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 15 mcp2030 figure 2-20: examples of soft inactivity timer timed out: this output is available only if the output enable filter is disabled. (b) input (ch 2): input has no (a) output (ch 1): device repeats soft reset after 16 ms inactivity timer has timed out note: ch 2 is the input without modulation (i.e., noise) ch 1 is the output at the lfdata pin due to the 16 ms soft inactivity timer timed out. note the 3.5 ms agc initialization time after the soft reset. the cases shown above apply when the output filter is disabled. modulation
mcp2030 ds21981b-page 16 ? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. figure 2-21: examples of clamp-on and clamp-off commands and changes in coil voltage. coil voltage clock pulses clamp on coil voltage clock pulses clamp off command command lcx sclk sdi lcx sclk sdi
? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 17 mcp2030 figure 2-22: example of minimum modulation depth setting: modulation depth of input signal = 77%, minimum modulation depth (modmin) setting = 60%. figure 2-23: example of minimum modulation depth setting: modulation depth of input signal = 56%, minimum modulation depth (modmin) setting = 60%. demodulated output input signal with 77% modulation depth demodulated output input signal with 56% modulation depth note: there is no demodulated output since the modulation dept h of the input signal is lower than the minimum modulation depth setting. the device will have demodulated output if the minimum modulation depth option is set to 8%, 14%, or 33%.
mcp2030 ds21981b-page 18 ? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. figure 2-24: example of minimum modulation depth setting: modulation depth of input signal = 42%, minimum modulation depth (modmin) setting = 33%. figure 2-25: example of minimum modulation depth setting: modulation depth of input signal = 14%, minimum modulation depth (modmin) setting = 14%. demodulated output input signal with 42% modulation depth demodulated output input signal with 14% modulation depth
? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 19 mcp2030 figure 2-26: examples of output enable filters 1 through 3 (wake-up filters) and demodulated outputs. filter 1 output enable filter timing of input signal configuration bit settings oeh oel t oeh = 1 ms t oel = 1 ms t oet = 3 ms 01 or 01 00 01 filter 2 output enable filter timing of input signal configuration bit settings oeh oel t oeh = 1 ms t oel = 2 ms t oet = 4 ms 01 10 filter 3 output enable filter timing of input signal configuration bit settings oeh oel t oeh = 1 ms t oel = 4 ms t oet = 6 ms 01 11
mcp2030 ds21981b-page 20 ? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. figure 2-27: examples of output enable filters 4 through 6 (wake-up filters) and demodulated outputs. filter 4 output enable filter timing of input signal configuration bit settings oeh oel t oeh = 2 ms t oel = 1 ms t oet = 4 ms 10 or 10 00 01 filter 5 output enable filter timing of input signal configuration bit settings oeh oel t oeh = 2 ms t oel = 2 ms t oet = 5 ms 10 10 filter 6 output enable filter timing of input signal configuration bit settings oeh oel t oeh = 2 ms t oel = 4 ms t oet = 8 ms 10 11
? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 21 mcp2030 figure 2-28: examples of output enable filters 7 through 9 (wake-up filters) and demodulated outputs. filter 7 output enable filter timing of input signal configuration bit settings oeh oel t oeh = 4 ms t oel = 1 ms t oet = 6 ms 11 or 11 00 01 filter 8 output enable filter timing of input signal configuration bit settings oeh oel t oeh = 4 ms t oel = 2 ms t oet = 8 ms 11 10 filter 9 output enable filter timing of input signal configuration bit settings oeh oel t oeh = 4 ms t oel = 4 ms t oet = 10 ms 11 11
mcp2030 ds21981b-page 22 ? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. figure 2-29: input signal and demodulated output when the output enable filter is disabled. figure 2-30: input signal and demodulator output when output enable filter is enabled and input meets filter timing requirements. input signal lfdata note: demodulated output is available immediately after agc initialization. output input signal lfdata note: demodulated output is available only if the incoming signal meets the enable filter timing criteria that is defined in the configuration register 0 (register 5-1). if the criteria is met, the output is available after the low timing (t oel ) of the enable filter. output
? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 23 mcp2030 figure 2-31: no demodulator output when output enable filter is enabled but input does not meet filter timing requirements. input signal no lfdata output
mcp2030 ds21981b-page 24 ? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. figure 2-32: carrier clock output examples. (a) carrier clock output with carrier/1 option carrier clock output carrier input (b) carrier clock output with carrier/4 option carrier input carrier clock output
? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 25 mcp2030 3.0 pin descriptions 3.1 supply voltage (v dd , v ss ) the v dd pin is the power supply pin for the analog and digital circuitry within the mcp2030. this pin requires an appropriate bypass capacitor of 0.1 f. the voltage on this pin should be maintained in the 2.0v-3.6v range for specified operation. the v ss pin is the ground pin and the current return path for both analog and digital circuitry of the mcp2030. if an analog ground plane is available, it is recommended that this device be tied to the analog ground plane of the pcb. 3.2 chip select (cs ) the cs pin needs to stay high when the device is receiving input signals. leaving the cs pin low will place the device in the spi programming mode. the cs pin is an open collector output. this pin has an internal pull-up resistor to ensure that no spurious spi communication occurs between power-up and pin configuration of the mcu. 3.3 spi clock input (sclk/alert ) this pin becomes the spi clock input (sclk) when cs is low, and becomes the alert output when cs is high. the alert pin is an open collector output. this pin has an internal pull-up resistor to ensure that no spurious spi communication occurs between power-up and pin configuration of the mcu. 3.4 received signal strength indicator (rssi) this pin becomes the received signal strength indicator (rssi) output current sink when the rssi output option is selected. table 3-1: pin function tables pin no. symbol i/o/p function 1v ss p ground pin. 2cs i chip select digital input pin. 3 sclk/alert i/o clock input for the modified 3-wire spi interface. alert output: this pin goes low if there is a parity error in the configuration register or the 32 ms alarm timer is timed out. 4 rssi o received signal strength indicator (rssi) current output. 5 nc n/a no connect. 6 lfdata/cclk/sdio i/o demodulated data output. carrier clock output. serial input or output data for the modified 3-wire spi interface. 7v dd p positive supply voltage pin. 8v dd p positive supply voltage pin. 9 lcz i input pin for external lc antennas. 10 lcy i input pin for external lc antennas. 11 lcx i input pin for external lc antennas. 12 nc n/a no connect. 13 lccom i common reference input for the external lc antennas. 14 v ss p ground pin. type identification: i = input; o = output; p = power
mcp2030 ds21981b-page 26 ? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. 3.5 demodulated data output (lfdata) carrier clock output (cclk) spi data i/o (sdio) when the cs pin is high, this pin is an output pin for demodulated data or carrier clock depending on output type selection. when carrier clock output (cclk) is selected, the lfdata output is a square pulse of the input carrier clock and is available as soon as the agc stabilization time (t stab ) is completed. when the cs pin is low, this pin becomes the spi data input and output (sdio). 3.6 lc input (lcx, lcy, lcz) these pins are the input pins for the external lc resonant antenna circuits. the antenna circuits are connected between the lc pin and the lccom pin. 3.7 lc common reference (lccom) this pin is the common reference input pin for the external lc resonant circuit.
? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 27 mcp2030 4.0 application information the mcp2030 is a stand-alone 3-channel analog front-end device for low frequency (lf) sensing and bidirectional transponder applications. by connecting three orthogonally placed lc resonant antennas to the lc input pins, it can detect signals from all directions (x, y and z). the device draws more current when all channels are enabled as compared to a single channel; therefore, it is recommended to disable any unused channels by setting configuration register 0 (register 5-1). the device?s high input sensitivity (as low as 1 mv pp ) and ability to detect weakly modulated (as low as 8%) input signals with its low power feature set, makes the device suitable for various applications such as a low- cost hands-free passive keyless entry (pke) transponder, an lf initiator sensor for tire pressure monitoring systems (tpms) and long-range access control applications in the automotive and security industries. 4.1 battery back-up and batteryless operation the device supports both battery back-up and batteryless operation by the addition of external components, allowing the device to be partially or completely powered from the field. figure 4-1 shows an example of the external circuit for the battery back-up. figure 4-1: external circuit example for lf field powering and battery back-up mode. note: voltage on lccom combined with coil input voltage must not exceed the maxi- mum lc input voltage. lcx lcy lcz v bat d block c pool d flat1 r lim lccom c com air coil d flat2 c z c y c x v dd r com d lim l x l y l z legend: c com = lccom charging capacitor. c pool = pool capacitor (or battery back-up capacitor), charges in field and powers device. d block = battery protection from reverse charge. schottky for low forward bias drop. d flat = field rectifier diodes. d lim = voltage limiting diode, may be required to limit v dd voltage when in strong fields. r com = lccom discharge path. r lim = current limiting resistor, required for air coil in strong fields.
mcp2030 ds21981b-page 28 ? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. 4.2 application examples figure 4-2 shows an example of an external circuit for a bidirectional communication transponder application. each lc input pin is connected to an external lc resonant circuit. to achieve the best performance, the resonant frequency of the lc circuit needs to be matched to the detecting carrier frequency of interest. the resonant frequency is given by the following equation: in typical 125 khz applications, the l value is a few mh, and the c value is a few hundred pf, for example, l = 4.9 mh, and c = 331 pf. the resonant frequency can be fine-tuned by program- ming the internal tuning capacitors. the output of the mcp2030 is fed into the external mcu. the external mcu can send data by clamping on and clamping off the mcp2030 coil voltages using an spi command, or via a uhf transmitter. the rssi output of the mcp2030 can be digitized by the mcu firmware. users can also consider using a mcu that has an internal analog-to-digital converter (adc) such as the pic16f684 or a stand-alone adc device. figure 4-3 shows an example of a hands-free passive keyless entry (pke) system. the base station unit transmits an lf command. the mcp2030 detects the base station command and feeds the detected output to the external mcu (pic16f636). if the command is correct, the mcu responds via an external uhf transmitter or by using the lf talk-back modulators of the mcp2030 device. figure 4-4 shows an example when the device is used for a tire pressure monitoring sensor application. the device detects the lf initiator commands and transmits the tire pressure data to the base station via an external uhf transmitter. figure 4-2: example of external circuits for bidirectional communication transponder applications. f o 1 2 ? lc ------------------ = nc lccom lcx v ss lfdata/cclk/sdio v dd lcz lcy v ss cs sclk/alert rssi nc v dd pic16f636/684 to ad c +3v air-core coil ferrite-core coil ferrite-core coil mcp2030 +3v rf circuitry (uhf tx) 315/434 mhz sw1 sw2 sw3 sw4 c l c l c l
? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 29 mcp2030 figure 4-3: example of bidirectional hand-free passive keyless entry (pke) system. figure 4-4: example of tire pressure monitoring sensor applications. led uhf transmitter led uhf receiver lf transmitter/ receiver microcontroller (mcu) l f c o m m a n d ( 1 2 5 k h z) r e s p o n s e ( 1 2 5 k h z ) r e s p o n s e ( u h f ) e n cr y p t e d c o d e s base station pke transponder ant. x ant. y ant. z mcu (pic16f636) mcp2030 (3d stand alone analog front-end) rf receiver mcu lf initiator rf transmitter mcp2030 tire pressure sensor uhf r e s p o n s e wi t h t i r e p r e s s u r e d a t a 1 2 5 k h z i n i t i a t o r c o m m a n d note 1: the lf initiator sends lf commands to request the tire pressure data. 2: the mcp2030 picks up the lf commands and the mcu transmits the tire pressure data via an external uhf transmitter. mcu
mcp2030 ds21981b-page 30 ? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. notes:
? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 31 mcp2030 5.0 functional description and theory of device operation the mcp2030 contains three analog input channels for signal detection and lf talk-back. this section provides the function description of the device. each analog input channel has internal tuning capacitors, sensitivity control circuits, an input signal strength limiter and an lf talk-back modulation transistor. an automatic gain control (agc) loop is used for all three input channel gains. the output of each channel is or?d and fed into a demodulator. the digital output is passed to the lfdata pin. figure 5-1 shows the block diagram of the device and figure 5-2 shows the input signal path. there are a total of eight configuration registers. six of them are used for device operation options, one for column parity bits and one for status indication of device operation. each register has 9 bits including one row parity bit. these registers are readable and writable by spi commands except for the status register, which is read-only. the device?s features are dynamically controllable by programming the configuration registers. 5.1 rf limiter the rf limiter limits lc pin input voltage by de-q?ing the external lc resonant antenna circuit. the limiter begins de-q?ing the external lc antenna when the input voltage exceeds v de_q , progressively de-q?ing harder to reduce the antenna input voltage. the signal levels from all 3 channels are combined such that the limiter attenuates all 3 channels uniformly, in respect to the channel with the strongest signal. 5.2 modulation circuit the modulation circuit consists of a modulation transistor (fet), internal tuning capacitors and external lc antenna components. the modulation transistor and the internal tuning capacitors are connected between the lc input pin and lccom pin. each lc input has its own modulation transistor. when the modulation transistor turns on, its low turn- on resistance (r m ) clamps the induced lc antenna voltage. the coil voltage is minimized when the modulation transistor turns-on and maximized when the modulation transistor turns-off. the modulation transistor?s low turn-on resistance (r m ) results in a high modulation depth. the lf talk-back is achieved by turning on and off the modulation transistor. the modulation data comes from the external micro- controller section via the digital spi as ?clamp on?, ?clamp off? commands. only those inputs that are enabled will execute the clamp command. a basic block diagram of the modulation circuit is shown in figure 5-1 and figure 5-2. the modulation fet is also shorted momentarily after soft reset and inactivity timer time-out. 5.3 tuning capacitor each channel has internal tuning capacitors for external antenna tuning. the capacitor values are programmed by the configuration registers up to 63 pf, 1 pf per step. 5.4 variable attenuator the variable attenuator is used to attenuate, via agc control, the input signal voltage to avoid saturating the amplifiers and demodulators. 5.5 sensitivity control the sensitivity of each channel can be reduced by the channel?s configuration register sensitivity setting. this is used to desensitize the channel from optimum. 5.6 agc control the agc controls the variable attenuator to limit the internal signal voltage to avoid saturation of internal amplifiers and demodulators (refer to section 5.4 ?variable attenuator? ). the signal levels from all 3 channels are combined such that the agc attenuates all 3 channels uniformly in respect to the channel with the strongest signal. note: the user can control the tuning capaci- tor by programming the configuration registers. see register 5-2 through register 5-4 for details. note: the variable attenuator function is accomplished by the device itself. the user cannot control its function. note: the user can desensitize the channel sensitivity by programming the configuration registers. see register 5-5 and register 5-6 for details. note: the agc control function is accomplished by the device itself. the user cannot control its function.
mcp2030 ds21981b-page 32 ? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. 5.7 fixed gain amplifiers 1 and 2 fga1 and fga2 provides a maximum two-stage gain of 40 db. 5.8 auto-channel selection the auto-channel selection feature is enabled if the auto-channel select bit autochsel<8> in configu- ration register 5 (register 5-6) is set, and disabled if the bit is cleared. when this feature is active (i.e., autochse <8> = 1 ), the control circuit checks the demodulator output of each input channel immediately after the agc settling time (t stab ). if the output is high, it allows this channel to pass data, otherwise it is blocked. the status of this operation is monitored by status register 7 bits <8:6> (register 5-8). these bits indicate the current status of the channel selection activity, and automatically updates for every soft reset period. the auto-channel selection function resets after each soft reset (or after inactivity timer time-out). therefore, the blocked channels are re-enabled after soft reset. this feature can make the output signal cleaner by blocking any channel that was not high at the end of t agc . this function works only for demodulated data output, and is not applied for carrier clock or rssi output. 5.9 carrier clock detector the carrier clock detector senses the input carrier cycles. the output of the detector switches digitally at the signal carrier frequency. carrier clock output is available when the output is selected by the datout bit in configuration register 1 (register 5-2). 5.10 demodulator the demodulator consists of a full-wave rectifier, low pass filter, peak detector and data slicer that detects the envelope of the input signal. 5.11 data slicer the data slicer consists of a reference generator and comparator. the data slicer compares the input with the reference voltage. the reference voltage comes from the minimum modulation depth requirement setting and input peak voltage. the data from all 3 channels are or?d together and sent to the output enable filter. 5.12 output enable filter the output enable filter enables the lfdata output once the incoming signal meets the wake-up sequence requirements (see section 5.15 ?configurable output enable filter? ). 5.13 received signal strength indicator (rssi) the rssi provides a current which is proportional to the input signal amplitude (see section 5.30.3 ?received signal strength indicator (rssi) output? ). 5.14 analog front-end timers the device has an internal 32 khz rc oscillator. the oscillator is used in several timers: ? inactivity timer ? alarm timer ?pulse width timer ? period timer ? agc settling timer 5.14.1 rc oscillator the rc oscillator generates a 32 khz internal clock. note: the user cannot control the gain of these two amplifiers.
? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 33 mcp2030 5.14.2 inactivity timer the inactivity timer is used to automatically return the device to standby mode, if there is no input signal. the time-out period is approximately 16 ms (t inact ), based on the 32 khz internal clock. the purpose of the inactivity timer is to minimize current draw by automatically returning to the lower current standby mode, if there is no input signal for approximately 16 ms. the timer is reset when: ? an amplitude change in lf input signal, either high-to-low or low-to-high ?cs pin is low (any spi command) ? timer-related soft reset the timer starts after agc initialization time (t agc ). the timer causes a soft reset when: ? a previously received input signal does not change either high-to-low or low-to-high for t inact the soft reset returns the device to standby mode where most of the analog circuits, such as the agc, demodulator and rc oscillator, are powered down. this returns the device to the lower standby current mode. 5.14.3 alarm timer the alarm timer is used to notify the external mcu that the device is receiving an input signal that does not pass the output enable filter requirement. the time-out period is approximately 32 ms (t alarm ) in the presence of continuing noise. the alarm timer time-out occurs if there is an input signal for longer than 32 ms that does not meet the output enable filter requirements. the alarm timer time-out causes: a) the alert pin to go low. b) the alarm bit to set in the status status register 7 (register 5-8). the external mcu is informed of the alarm timer time- out by monitoring the alert pin. if the alarm timer time-out occurs, the external mcu can take appropriate actions such as lowering channel sensitivity or disabling channels. if the noise source is ignored, the device can return to a lower standby current draw state. the timer is reset when the: ?cs pin is low (any spi command). ? output enable filter is disabled. ? lfdata pin is enabled (signal passed output enable filter). the timer starts after the agc initialization time. the timer causes a low output on the alert pin when: ? output enable filter is enabled and modulated input signal is present for t alarm , but does not pass the output enable filter requirement. 5.14.4 pulse width timer the pulse width timer is used to verify that the received output enable sequence meets both the minimum t oeh and minimum t oel requirements. 5.14.5 period timer the period timer is used to verify that the received output enable sequence meets the maximum t oet requirement. 5.14.6 agc initialization timer (t agc ) this timer is used to keep the output enable filter in reset while the agc settles on the input signal. the time-out period is approximately 3.5 ms. at the end of this time (t agc ), the input should remain high (t pagc ), otherwise the counting is aborted and a soft reset is issued. see figure 5-4 for details. note: the alarm timer is disabled if the output enable filter is disabled. note 1: the device needs continuous and uninterrupted high input signal during agc initialization time (t agc ). any absence of signal during this time may reset the timer and a new input signal is needed for agc settling time, or may result in improper agc gain settings which will produce invalid output. 2: the rest of the device section wakes up if any of these input channels receive the agc settling time correctly. status register 7 bits <4:2> (register 5-8) indi- cate which input channels have waken up the device first. valid input signal on multiple input pins can cause more than one channel's indicator bit to be set.
mcp2030 ds21981b-page 34 ? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. figure 5-1: functional block diagram. configuration to tuning cap x to tuning cap y to tuning cap z to modulation v sst lcx lcy lcz lccom transistors registers v ddt to sensitivity z to sensitivity y to sensitivity x modulation depth agc preserve lccom detector detector detector cs lfdata/ sclk/alert external mcu command decoder/controller mod tune x output enable rf lim lccom mod tune y rf lim mod tune z rf lim 32 khz oscillator b a a a agc agc agc sensitivity control x sensitivity control y sensitivity control z filter agc timer rssi cclk/sdio 64 64 64 ? watchdog wakex wakez wakey
? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 35 mcp2030 figure 5-2: input signal path. a a rf limiter mod fet capacitor tuning var atten fga1 fga2 full-wave lfdata x y z lcx/ lcy/ lcz lccom carrier >4v pp wakez wakey clkdiv datout agc feedback peak ref gen 0.1v x y z b agcact agcsig demodulator decode agc registers configuration sens. control legend: fga = fixed gain amplifier fwr = full-wave rectifier lpf = low-pass filter pd = peak detector 00 detector + ? + ? + ? 0.4v ? data slicer mod depth control output enable filter 10 amplifier ? rectifier low-pass filter detector auto-channel selector 32 khz clock/agc /1 or /4 c chx chy chz act autochsel lfdata 01 10 11 rssi gen c timer 64 rssi detz dety detx wakex
mcp2030 ds21981b-page 36 ? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. 5.15 configurable output enable filter the purpose of this filter is to enable the lfdata out- put and wake the external microcontroller only after receiving a specific sequence of pulses on the lc input pins. therefore, it prevents waking up the external microcontroller due to noise or unwanted input signals. the circuit compares the timing of the demodulated header waveform with a pre-defined value, and enables the demodulated lfdata output when a match occurs. the output enable filter consists of a high (t oeh ) and low duration (t oel ) of a pulse immediately after the agc settling gap time. the selection of high and low times further implies a max period time. the output enable high and low times are determined by spi programming. figure 5-3 and figure 5-4 show the output enable filter waveforms. there should be no missing cycles during t oeh . missing cycles may result in failing the output enable condition. figure 5-3: output enable filter timing. data packet t ? t oeh t ? t oel required output enable sequence lfdata output is enabled on this rising edge t ? t oet demodulator output t gap device wake-up start bit agc (t agc + t pagc ) t stab and agc stabilization gap pulse
? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 37 mcp2030 figure 5-4: output enable filter timing example (detailed). lf coil input demodulated lfdata output low standby mode current filter is passed and lfdata is enabled gap t pagc legend: t agc = agc initialization time t pagc = high time after t agc t stab = agc stabilization time (t agc + t pagc ) t e = time element of pulse (minimum pulse width) t gap = agc stabilization gap t oeh = minimum output enable filter high time t oel = minimum output enable filter low time t oet = maximum output enable filter period 3.5 ms filter starts t gap start bit for data (need t stab t ? t oeh t ? t oel t ? t oet t ? 2t e (afe stabilization) ?high?) pulse t agc (agc initialization time)
mcp2030 ds21981b-page 38 ? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. table 5-1: output enable filter timing t oeh is measured from the rising edge of the demodulator output to the first falling edge. the pulse width must fall within t oeh ? t ? t oet . t oel is measured from the falling edge of the demodulator output to the rising edge of the next pulse. the pulse width must fall within t oel ? t ? t oet . t oet is measured from rising edge to the next rising edge (i.e., the sum of t oeh and t oel ). the sum of t oeh and t oel must be t ? t oet . if the configuration register 0 (register 5-1), oeh<8:7> is set to ? 00 ?, then the filter is disabled. see figure 2-30 for this case. the filter will reset, requiring a complete new successive high and low period to enable lfdata, under the following conditions. ? the received high is not greater than the configured minimum t oeh value. ? during t oeh , a loss of signal for longer than 56 ? s causes a filter reset. ? the received low is not greater than the configured minimum t oel value. ? the received sequence exceeds the maximum t oet value: -t oeh + t oel > t oet -or t oeh > t oet -or t oel > t oet ? a soft reset spi command is received. if the filter resets due to a long high-time (t oeh > t oet ), the high-pulse timer will not begin timing again until after a gap of t e and another low-to-high transition occurs on the demodulator output. disabling the output enable filter disables the t oeh and t oel requirement and the device passes all detected data. see figure 2-30, figure 2-31 and figure 2-32 for examples. when viewed from an application perspective, from the pin input, the actual output enable filter timing must factor in the analog delays in the input path (such as demodulator charge and discharge times). ?t oeh - t dr + t df ?t oel + t dr - t df the output enable filter starts immediately after t gap , the gap after agc stabilization period. 5.16 input sensitivity control the device has typical input sensitivity of 3 mv pp . this means any input signal with amplitude greater than 3 mv pp can be detected. the internal agc loop regu- lates the detecting signal amplitude when the input level is greater than approximately 20 mv pp . this signal amplitude is called ?agc-active level?. the agc loop regulates the input voltage so that the input signal amplitude range will be kept within the linear range of the detection circuits without saturation. the agc active status bit (agcact<5>) in status register 7 (register 5-8) is set if the agc loop regulates the input voltage. table 5-2 shows the input sensitivity comparison when the agcsig option is used. when agcsig option bit is set, the demodulated output is available only when the agc loop is active (see table 5-1). the channel input sensitivity can be reduced by setting the appropriate configuration registers. configuration register 3 (register 5-4), configuration register 4 (register 5-5) and configuration register 5 (register 5-6) have the option to reduce each channel gain from 0 db to approximately -30 db. oeh <1:0> oel <1:0> t oeh (ms) t oel (ms) t oet (ms) 01 00 113 01 01 113 01 10 124 01 11 146 10 00 214 10 01 214 10 10 225 10 11 248 11 00 416 11 01 416 11 10 428 11 11 4410 00 xx filter disabled note 1: the timing values of t oeh and t oel are minimum and t oet is maximum at room temperature and v dd = 3.0v, 32 khz oscillator.
? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 39 mcp2030 table 5-2: input sensitivity vs. modulated signal strength setting (agcsig <7>) 5.17 input channels (enable/disable) each channel can be individually enabled or disabled by programming bits in configuration register 0<3:1> (register 5-1). the purpose of having an option to disable a particular channel is to minimize current draw by powering down as much circuitry as possible, if the channel is not needed for operation. the exact circuits disabled when an input is disabled are amplifiers, detector, full-wave rectifier, data slicer, and modulation fet. however, the rf input limiter remains active to protect the silicon from excessive antenna input voltages. 5.18 agc amplifier the circuit automatically amplifies input signal voltage levels to an acceptable level for the data slicer. fast attack and slow release by nature, the agc tracks the carrier signal level and not the modulated data bits. the agc inherently tracks the strongest of the three antenna input signals. the agc requires an agc initialization time (t agc ). the agc will attempt to regulate a channel?s peak signal voltage into the data slicer to a desired regulated agc voltage ? reducing the input path?s gain as the signal level attempts to increase above regulated agc voltage, and allowing full amplification on signal levels below the regulated agc voltage. the agc has two modes of operation: 1. during the agc initialization time (t agc ), the agc time constant is fast, allowing a reasonably short acquisition time of the continuous input signal. 2. after t agc , the agc switches to a slower time constant for data slicing. also, the agc is frozen when the input signal envelope is low. the agc tracks only high envelope levels. 5.19 agc preserve the agc preserve feature is used to preserve the agc value during the agc initialization time (t agc ) and apply the value to the data slicing circuit for the follow- ing data streams instead of using a new tracking value. this feature is useful to demodulate the input signal correctly when the input has random amplitude varia- tions at a given time period. this feature is enabled when the device receives an agc preserve on com- mand and disabled if it receives an agc preserve off command. once the agc preserve on command is received, the device acquires a new agc value during each agc initialization time and preserves the value until a soft reset or an agc preserve off command is issued. therefore, it does not need to issue another agc preserve on command. an agc preserve off command is needed to disable the agc preserve feature (see section 5.31.2.5 ?agc preserve on command? and section 5.31.2.6 ?agc preserve off command? for agc preserve commands). agcsig<7> (config. register 5) description input sensitivity (typical) 0 option disabled ? detect any input signal level (demodulated data and carrier clock). 3.0 mv pp 1 option enabled ? no output until agc status = 1 (i.e., v peak ? 20 mv pp ) (demodulated data and carrier clock). ? provides the best signal to noise ratio. 20 mv pp
mcp2030 ds21981b-page 40 ? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. 5.20 soft reset the soft reset is issued in the following events: a) after power-on reset (por), b) after inactivity timer time-out, c) if an ?abort? occurs, d) after receiving spi soft reset command. the ?abort? occurs if there is no positive signal detected at the end of the agc initialization period (t agc ). the soft reset initializes internal circuits and brings the device into a low current standby mode operation. the internal circuits that are initialized by the soft reset include: ? output enable filter ?agc circuits ? demodulator ? 32 khz internal oscillator the soft reset has no effect on the configuration register setup, except for some of the afe status register 7 bits. (register 5-8). the circuit initialization takes one internal clock cycle (1/32 khz = 31.25 ? s). during the initialization, the modulation transistors between each input and lccom pins are turned-on to discharge any internal/ external parasitic charges. the modulation transistors are turned-off immediately after the initialization time. the soft reset is executed in active mode only. it is not valid in standby mode. 5.21 minimum modulation depth requirement for input signal the device demodulates the modulated input signal if the modulation depth of the input signal is greater than the minimum requirement that is programmed in configuration register 5 (register 5-6). figure 5-5 shows the definition of the modulation depth and examples. modmin<6:5> of the configuration register 5 offer four options. they are 60%, 33%, 14% and 6%. the default setting is 33%. the purpose of this feature is to enhance the demodulation integrity of the input signal. the 6% setting is the best choice for the input signal with weak modulation depth, which is typically observed near the high-voltage base station antenna and also at far- distance from the base station antenna. it gives the best demodulation sensitivity, but is very susceptible to noise spikes that can result in a bit detection error. the 60% setting can reduce the bit errors caused by noise, but gives the least demodulation sensitivity. see table 5-3 for minimum modulation depth requirement settings. table 5-3: setting for minimum modulation depth requirement modmin bits (config. register 5) modulation depth bit 6 bit 5 00 33% (default) 01 60% 10 14% 11 8%
? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 41 mcp2030 figure 5-5: modulation depth examples. (a) modulation depth definition (b) input signal vs. minimum modulation depth setting vs. lfdata output b a a - b a + b x 100% modulation depth (%) = 10 - 7 10 + 7 x 100% = 17.64% amplitude 10 mv pp 7 mv pp amplitude modulation depth (%) = t t demodulated lfdata output when modmin setting = 14% demodulated lfdata output if modmin setting = 33% input signal with modulation depth = 17.64% coil input strength amplitude 0 (lfdata output = not toggled) t t (lfdata output = toggled) input signal input signal
mcp2030 ds21981b-page 42 ? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. 5.22 low-current sleep mode the device can stay at an ultra low-current mode (sleep mode) when it receives a sleep command via the serial peripheral interface (spi). all circuits includ- ing the rf limiter, except the minimum circuitry required to retain register memory and spi capability, will be powered down to minimize the current draw. power-on reset or any spi command, other than the sleep command, is required to wake the device from sleep. 5.23 low-current standby mode the device is in standby mode when no input signal is present on the input pins, but is powered and ready to receive any incoming signals. 5.24 low-current active mode the device is in low-current active mode when an input signal is present on any input pin and internal circuitry is switching with the received data. 5.25 error detection of configuration register data the configuration registers are volatile memory. therefore, the contents of the registers can be cor- rupted or cleared by any electrical incidence such as battery disconnect. to ensure data integrity, the device has an error detection mechanism using row and col- umn parity bits of the configuration register memory map. the bit 0 of each register is a row parity bit which is calculated over the eight configuration bits (from bit 1 to bit 8). the column parity register (configuration register 6) holds column parity bits; each bit is calcu- lated over the respective columns (configuration regis- ters 0 to 5) of the configuration bits. the status register is not included for the column parity bit calcula- tion. parity is to be odd. the parity bit set or cleared makes an odd number of set bits. the user needs to calculate the row and column parity bits using the contents of the registers and program them. during operation, the device continuously calculates the row and column parity bits of the configuration memory map. if a parity error occurs, the device lowers the sclk/alert pin (interrupting the microcontroller section) indicating the configuration memory has been corrupted or unloaded and needs to be reprogrammed. at an initial condition after a power-on reset, the values of the registers are all clear (default condition). therefore, the device will issue the parity bit error by lowering the sclk/alert pin. if the user reprograms the registers with the correct parity bits, the sclk/ alert pin will be toggled to logic high level immediately. the parity bit errors do not change or affect any functional operation. table 5-4 shows an example of the register values and corresponding parity bits. table 5-4: configuration regi ster parity bit example register name bit 8 bit 7 bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 bit 0 (row parity) configuration register 0 10101000 0 configuration register 1 00000000 1 configuration register 2 00000000 1 configuration register 3 00000000 1 configuration register 4 00000000 1 configuration register 5 10000000 0 configuration register 6 (column parity register) 11010111 1
? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 43 mcp2030 5.26 factory calibration the device is calibrated during probe test to reduce the device-to-device variation in standby current, internal timing and sensitivity, as well as channel-to-channel sensitivity variation. 5.27 de-q?ing of antenna circuit when the transponder is close to the base station, the transponder coil may develop coil voltage higher than v de_q . this condition is called ?near field?. the device detects the strong near field signal through the agc control, and de-q?ing the antenna circuit to reduce the input signal amplitude. 5.28 demodulator the demodulator recovers the modulation data from the received signal, containing carrier plus data, by appropriate envelope detection. the demodulator has a fast rise (charge) time (t dr ) and a fall time (t df ) appropriate to an envelope of input signal (see section 1.0 ?electrical specifications? for t dr and t df specifications). the demodulator contains the full-wave rectifier, low-pass filter, peak detector and data slicer. figure 5-6: demodulator charge and discharge. 5.29 power-on reset this circuit remains in a reset state until a sufficient supply voltage is applied. the reset releases when the supply is sufficient for correct device operation, nominally v por . the configuration registers are all cleared on a power- on reset. as the configuration registers are protected by odd row and column parity, the alert pin will be pulled down ? indicating to the external microcontroller section that the configuration memory is cleared and requires new programming. 5.30 lfdata output selection the lfdata output can be configured to pass the demodulator output, received signal strength indi- cator (rssi) output, or carrier clock (cclk). see configuration register 1 (register 5-2) for more details. 5.30.1 demodulator output the demodulator output is the default configuration of the output selection. this is the output of an envelope detection circuit. see figure 5-6 for the demodulator output. for a clean data output or to save operating power, the input channels can be individually enabled or disabled. if more than one channel is enabled, the output is the sum of each output of all enabled channels. there will be no valid output if all three channels are disabled. when the demodulated output is selected, the output is available in two different conditions depending on how the options of configuration register 0 (register 5-1) are set: output enable filter is disabled or enabled. see section 2.0 ?typical performance curves? for various demodulated data output. related configuration register bits: ? configuration register 1 (register 5-2), datout <8:7>: bit 8 bit 7 00 : demodulator output 01 : carrier clock output 10 : rssi output 01 : rssi output ? configuration register 0 (register 5-1): all bits full-wave rectifier output input at lc input pins demodulated lfdata output t dr t df
mcp2030 ds21981b-page 44 ? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. 5.30.2 carrier clock output when the carrier clock output is selected, the lfdata output is a square pulse of the input carrier clock and available as soon as the agc stabilization time (t agc ) is completed. there are two configuration register options for the carrier clock output: (a) clock divide-by one or (b) clock divide-by four, depending on bit datout<7> of configuration register 2 (register 5- 3). the carrier clock output is available immediately after the agc settling time. the output enable filter, agcsig, and modmin options are applicable for the carrier clock output in the same way as the demodu- lated output. the input channel can be individually enabled or disabled for the output. if more than one channel is enabled, the output is the sum of each out- put of all enabled channels. therefore, the carrier clock output waveform is not as precise as when only one channel is enabled. it is recommended to enable one channel only if a precise output waveform is desired. there will be no valid output if all three channels are disabled. see figure 2-32 for carrier clock output examples. related configuration register bits : ? configuration register 1 (register 5-2), datout <8:7>: bit 8 bit 7 00 : demodulator output 01 : carrier clock output 10 : rssi output 11 : rssi output ? configuration register 2 (register 5-3), clk- div<7>: 0 : carrier clock/1 1 : carrier clock/4 ? configuration register 0 (register 5-1): all bits are affected ? configuration register 5 (register 5-6) 5.30.3 received signal strength indicator (rssi) output an analog current output is available at the rssi pin when the received signal strength indicator (rssi) output is selected by the configuration register. the analog current is linearly proportional to the input signal strength. all timers in the circuit, such as inactivity timer, alarm timer, and agc initialization time, are disabled during the rssi mode. therefore, the rssi output is not affected by the agc stabilization time, and available immediately when the rssi option is selected. the device enters active mode immediately when the rssi output is selected. when the device receives an spi command during the rssi output, the rssi mode is temporary disabled until the spi communication is completed. it returns to the rssi mode again after the spi communication is completed. the rssi mode is held until another output type is selected (cs low turns off the rssi signal). to obtain the rssi output for a particular input channel, or to save operating power, the input channel can be individually enabled or disabled. if more than one channel is enabled, the rssi output is from the strongest signal channel. there will be no valid output if all three channels are disabled. the rssi output current is linearly proportional to the input signal strength. there are variations between channel to channel and device to device. see figure 2-13 for examples. the linearity (ilr rssi ) of the rssi output current is tested by sampling the outputs for three input points: 37 mv pp , 100 mv pp , and 370 mv pp . the rssi output current for 100 mv pp of input signal is compared with the expected output current obtained from the line that is connecting the two endpoints (37 mv pp and 370 mv pp ). equation 5-1 and figure 5-7 show the details for the rssi linearity specification. equation 5-1: rssi linearity specification figure 5-7: rssi linearity test example. ilr rssi (%) = deviation at 100 mv pp of input signal i rssi for 370 mv pp of input signal where, deviation at 100 mv pp of input signal = [i rssi measured - i rssi expected] at 100 mv pp of input signal. i rssi expected = rssi current obtained from the line that is connecting two endpoints (rssi output currents for 37 mv pp and 370 mv pp of inputs). x 100% rssi output current [ ? a] y x 37 mv pp 100 mv pp 370 mv pp y = a+bx = measured = expected d d = deviation input signal amplitude
? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 45 mcp2030 related configuration register bits: ? configuration register 1 (register 5-2), datout<8:7>: bit 8 bit 7 00 : demodulated output 01 : carrier clock output 10 : rssi output 11 : rssi output ? configuration register 2 (register 5-3), rssifet<8>: 0 : pull-down mosfet off 1 : pull-down mosfet on. ? configuration register 0 (register 5-1): all bits are affected. figure 5-8: rssi output path. note: the pull-down mosfet option is valid only when the rssi output is selected. the mosfet is not controllable by users when demodulated or carrier clock output option is selected. rssi output current generator v dd (controlled by config. 2, bit 8) rssi pull-down mosfet current output lfdata/cclk pin rssifet (1) off if rssi active rssi pin note 1: the rssifet is used to discharge any external capacitor that is connected at the lfdata pin.
mcp2030 ds21981b-page 46 ? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. 5.30.3.1 analog-to-digital data conversion of rssi signal the rssi output is an analog current. it needs an external analog-to-digital (adc) data conversion device for digitized output. the adc data conversion can be accomplished by using a stand-alone external adc device, an external mcu that has internal adc features, or an external mcu that has no adc features but instead uses firmware. the rssifet is used to discharge any external charge on the lfdata pin in the rssi output mode. the mosfet can be turned on or off with bit rssifet<8> of configuration register 2 (register 5-3). when it is turned on, the internal mosfet provides a discharge path for the external capacitor that is connected at the lfdata pin. this mosfet option is valid only if rssi output is selected and not controllable by users for demodulated or carrier clock output options. see separate application notes for various external adc implementation methods for this device. see figure 5-8 for rssi output path. 5.31 c onfiguration registers 5.31.1 spi communication the spi communication is used to read from or write to the configuration registers and to send command-only messages. three pins are used for spi communication: cs , sclk/alert , and lfdata/rssi/ cclk/sdio. figure 5-9, figure 5-10 and figure 5-11 show examples of the spi communication sequences. when these pins are connected to the external mcu i/o pins, the following are needed: cs ? pin is permanently an input with an internal pull-up. sclk/alert ? pin is an open collector output when cs is high. an internal pull-up resistor exists to ensure no spurious spi communication between powering and the mcu configuring its pins. this pin becomes the spi clock input when cs is low. lfdata/cclk/sdio ? pin is a digital output (lfdata) so long as cs is high. during spi communication, the pin is the spi data input (sdi) unless performing a register read, where it will be the spi data output (sdo). figure 5-9: power-up sequence. cs sclk/alert lfdata/cclk/sdio alert lfdata (output) (open collector cs pulled high by internal pull-up mcu pin is input. mcu pin is input. mcu pin is input. mcu pin output driving cs high output) sclk pulled high by internal pull-up
? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 47 mcp2030 figure 5-10: spi write sequence. cs sclk/alert lfdata/cclk/sdio t su t hd t cssc t sccs t hi t lo 1/f sclk t cs1 t csh t cs0 alert lfdata sdi (output) (input) (output) sclk (input) alert (output) driven low by mcu driven low by mcu lfdata (output) mcu pin to input mcu pin to input driven low by mcu 16 clocks for write command, address and data mcu pin to output mcu pin still input 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 mcu spi write details: 1. drive the open collector alert output low. ? to ensure no false clocks occur when cs drops 2. drop cs. ? sclk/alert becomes sclk input ? lfdata/cclk/sdio becomes sdi input 3. change lfdata/cclk/sdio connected pin to output. ? driving spi data 4. clock in 16-bit spi write sequence ? command, address, data and parity bit. ? command, address, data and parity bit 5. change lfdata/cclk/sdio connected pin to input. 6. raise cs to complete the spi write. 7. change sclk/alert back to input. lsb msb
mcp2030 ds21981b-page 48 ? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. figure 5-11: spi read sequence. cs lfdata/rssi/ cclk/sdio driven low by mcu t su t hd t sccs t hi t lo 1/f sclk t cs1 t csh t cs0 sdi (input) sclk (input) alert (output) lfdata (output) mcu pin to input mcu pin to input driven low by mcu mcu pin to output 16 clocks for read command, t cssc t cssc t cs 1 t csh t cs0 sdo sclk (input) alert (output) lfdata (output) mcu pin to input driven low by mcu 16 clocks for read result (output) sclk/alert alert lfdata (output) (output) driven low by mcu mcu pin still input 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 t do msb lsb t cssc address and dummy data mcu spi read details: 1. drive the open collector alert output low. ? to ensure no false clocks occur when cs drops. 2. drop cs ? sclk/alert becomes sclk input. ? lfdata/cclk/sdio becomes sdi input. 3. change lfdata/cclk/sdio connected pin to output. ? driving spi data. 4. clock in 16-bit spi read sequence. ? command, address and dummy data. 5. change lfdata/cclk/sdio connected pin to input. 6. raise cs to complete the spi read entry of command and address. 7. drop cs. ?afe sclk/alert becomes sclk input. ? lfdata/cclk/sdio becomes sdo output. 8. clock out 16-bit spi read result. ? first seven bits clocked-out are dummy bits. ? next eight bits are the configuration register data. ? the last bit is the configuration register row parity bit. 9. raise cs to complete the spi read. 10. change sclk/alert back to input. note: the t csh is considered as one clock. therefore, the configuration register data appears at 6th clock after t csh .
? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 49 mcp2030 5.31.2 command decoder/ controller the circuit executes 8 spi commands from the external mcu. the command structure is: command (3 bits) + configuration address (4 bits) + data byte and row parity bit with the most significant bit first. table 5-5 shows the available spi commands. the device operates in spi mode 0,0. in mode 0,0 the clock idles in the low state (figure 5-12). sdi data is loaded into the device on the rising edge of sclk and sdo data is clocked out on the falling edge of sclk. there must be multiples of 16 clocks (sclk) while cs is low or commands will abort. table 5-5: spi commands command address data row parity description command only ? address and data are ?don?t care?, but need to be clocked in regardless. 000 xxxx xxxx xxxx x clamp on ? enable modulation circuit 001 xxxx xxxx xxxx x clamp off ? disable modulation circuit 010 xxxx xxxx xxxx x enter sleep mode (any other command wakes the afe) 011 xxxx xxxx xxxx x agc preserve on ? to temporarily preserve the current agc level 100 xxxx xxxx xxxx x agc preserve off ? agc again tracks strongest input signal 101 xxxx xxxx xxxx x soft reset ? resets various circuit blocks read command ? data will be read from the specified register address. 110 0000 config byte 0 p general ? options that may change during normal operation 0001 config byte 1 p lcx antenna tuning and lfdata output format 0010 config byte 2 p lcy antenna tuning 0011 config byte 3 p lcz antenna tuning 0100 config byte 4 p lcx and lcy sensitivity reduction 0101 config byte 5 p lcz sensitivity reduction and modulation depth 0110 column parity p column parity byte for config byte 0 -> config byte 5 0111 status x status ? parity error, which input is active, etc. write command ? data will be written to the specified register address. 111 0000 config byte 0 p output enable filter, channel enable/disable, etc. 0001 config byte 1 p lcx antenna tuning and lfdata output type 0010 config byte 2 p lcy antenna tuning 0011 config byte 3 p lcz antenna tuning 0100 config byte 4 p lcx and lcy sensitivity reduction 0101 config byte 5 p lcz sensitivity reduction and modulation depth 0110 column parity p column parity byte for config byte 0 -> config byte 5 0111 not used x register is readable, but not writable note: ?p? denotes the row parity bit (odd parity) for the respective data byte.
mcp2030 ds21981b-page 50 ? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. figure 5-12: detailed spi timing (afe). 5.31.2.1 clamp on command this command results in activating (turning on) the modulation transistors of all enabled channels; channels enabled in configuration register 0 (register 5-1). 5.31.2.2 clamp off command this command results in deactivating (turning off) the modulation transistors of all channels. 5.31.2.3 sleep command this command places the device in sleep mode ? minimizing current draw by disabling all but the essential circuitry. any other command wakes the device from sleep (e.g., clamp off command). 5.31.2.4 soft reset command the device issues a soft reset when it receives an external soft reset command. the external soft reset command is typically used to end a spi communication sequence or to initialize the device for the next signal detection sequence, etc. see section 5.20 ?soft reset? for more details on soft reset. if a soft reset command is sent during a ?clamp-on? condition, the device still keeps the ?clamp-on? condi- tion after the soft reset execution. the soft reset is executed in active mode only, not in standby mode. the spi soft reset command is ignored if the device is not in active mode. 5.31.2.5 agc preserve on command this command results in preserving the agc level during each agc initialization time and apply the value to the data slicing circuit for the following data stream. the preserved agc value is reset by a soft reset, and a new agc value is acquired and preserved when it starts a new agc initialization time. this feature is disabled by an agc preserve off command (see section 5.19 ?agc preserve? ). 5.31.2.6 agc preserve off command this command disables the agc preserve feature and returns to the normal agc tracking mode, fast tracking during agc settling time and slow tracking after that (see section 5.19 ?agc preserve? ). 5.31.3 read/write commands for configuration registers the device includes 8 configuration registers, includ- ing a column parity register and status register. all registers are readable and writable via spi, except the status register, which is read-only. bit 0 of each register is a row parity bit (except for status register 7) that makes the register contents an odd number. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 bit 2 cs sclk sdio command data byte bit 0 bit 8 bit 1 address row parity bit bit 0 bit 3 msb lsb bit 0
? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 51 mcp2030 table 5-6: configuratio n registers summary register 5-1: configuration register 0 (address: 0000) register name bit 8 bit 7 bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 bit 0 configuration register 0 oeh oel alrtind lczen lcyen lcxen r0par configuration register 1 datout channel x tuning capacitor r1par configuration register 2 rssifet clkdiv channel y tuning capacitor r2par configuration register 3 unimplemented channel z tuning capacitor r3par configuration register 4 channel x sensitiv ity control channel y sensitivity control r4par configuration register 5 autochsel agcsig mo dmin modmin channel z sensitivity control r5par column parity register 6 column parity bits r6par status register 7 active channel indicators agcact wake-up channel indicators alarm pei r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 oeh1 oeh0 oel1 oel0 alrtind lczen lcyen lcxen r0par bit 8 bit 0 bit 8-7 oeh<1:0> : output enable filter high time ( t oeh ) bit 00 = output enable filter disabled (no wake-up s equence required, passes all signal to lfdata) 01 =1ms 10 =2ms 11 =4ms bit 6-5 oel<1:0> : output enable filter low time (t oel ) bit 00 =1ms 01 =1ms 10 =2ms 11 =4ms bit 4 alrtind : alert bit, output triggered by: 1 = parity error and/or expired alarm timer (receiving noise, see section 5.14.3 ?alarm timer? ) 0 = parity error bit 3 lczen: lcz enable bit 1 = disabled 0 = enabled bit 2 lcyen: lcy enable bit 1 = disabled 0 = enabled bit 1 lcxen: lcx enable bit 1 = disabled 0 = enabled bit 0 r0par : register 0 parity bit ? set/cleared so the 9-bit register contains odd parity ? an odd number of set bits legend: r = readable bit w = writable bit u = unimplemented bit, read as ?0? -n = value at por ?1? = bit is set ?0? = bit is cleared x = bit is unknown
mcp2030 ds21981b-page 52 ? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. register 5-2: configuration register 1 (address: 0001) register 5-3: configuration register 2 (address: 0010) r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 datout 1 datout 0 lcxtun5 lcxtun4 lcxtun3 lcxtun2 lcxtun1 lcxtun0 r1par bit 8 bit 0 bit 8-7 datout<1:0>: lfdata output type bit 00 = demodulated output 01 = carrier clock output 10 = rssi output 11 = rssi output bit 6-1 lcxtun<5:0>: lcx tuning capacitance bit 000000 = +0 pf (default) : 111111 = +63 pf bit 0 r1par : register 1 parity bit ? set/cleared so the 9-bit register contains odd parity ? an odd number of set bits legend: r = readable bit w = writable bit u = unimplemented bit, read as ?0? -n = value at por ?1? = bit is set ?0? = bit is cleared x = bit is unknown r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 rssifet clkdiv lcytun5 lcytun4 lcytun3 lcytun2 lcytun1 lcytun0 r2par bit 8 bit 0 bit 8 rssifet : pull-down mosfet on lfdata pad bit (controllable by user in the rssi mode only) 1 = pull-down rssi mosfet on 0 = pull-down rssi mosfet off bit 7 clkdiv: carrier clock divide-by bit 1 = carrier clock/4 0 = carrier clock/1 bit 6-1 lcytun<5:0>: lcy tuning capacitance bit 000000 = +0 pf (default) : 111111 = +63 pf bit 0 r2par : register 2 parity bit ? set/cleared so the 9-bit register contains odd parity ? an odd number of set bits legend: r = readable bit w = writable bit u = unimplemented bit, read as ?0? -n = value at por ?1? = bit is set ?0? = bit is cleared x = bit is unknown
? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 53 mcp2030 register 5-4: config uration register 3 (address: 0011) register 5-5: configuration register 4 (address: 0100) u-0 u-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 ? ? lcztun5 lcztun4 lcztun3 lcztun2 lcztun1 lcztun0 r3par bit 8 bit 0 bit 8-7 unimplemented : read as ? 0 ? bit 6-1 lcztun<5:0>: lcz tuning capacitance bit 000000 = +0 pf (default) : 111111 = +63 pf bit 0 r3par : register 3 parity bit ? set/cleared so the 9-bit r egister contains odd parity ? an odd number of set bits legend: r = readable bit w = writable bit u = unimplemented bit, read as ?0? -n = value at por ?1? = bit is set ?0? = bit is cleared x = bit is unknown r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 lcxsen3 lcxsen2 lcxsen1 lcxsen0 lcysen3 lcysen2 lcysen1 lcysen0 r4par bit 8 bit 0 bit 8-5 lcxsen<3:0> (1) : typical lcx sensitivity reduction bit 0000 = -0 db (default) 0001 = -2 db 0010 = -4 db 0011 = -6 db 0100 = -8 db 0101 = -10 db 0110 = -12 db 0111 = -14 db 1000 = -16 db 1001 = -18 db 1010 = -20 db 1011 = -22 db 1100 = -24 db 1101 = -26 db 1110 = -28 db 1111 = -30 db bit 4-1 lcysen<3:0> (1) : typical lcy sensitivity reduction bit 0000 = -0 db (default) : 1111 = -30 db bit 0 r4par : register 4 parity bit ? set/cleared so the 9-bit r egister contains odd parity ? an odd number of set bits note 1: assured monotonic increment (or decrement) by design. legend: r = readable bit w = writable bit u = unimplemented bit, read as ?0? -n = value at por ?1? = bit is set ?0? = bit is cleared x = bit is unknown
mcp2030 ds21981b-page 54 ? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. register 5-6: configuration register 5 (address: 0101) register 5-7: column parity register 6 (address: 0110) r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 autochsel agcsig modmin1 modmin0 lczsen3 lczsen2 lczsen1 lczsen0 r5par bit 8 bit 0 bit 8 autochsel : auto-channel select bit 1 = enabled ? device selects channel(s) that has demodulator output ?high? at the end of t agc ; or otherwise, blocks the channel(s). 0 = disabled ? device follows channel enable/disable bits defined in register 0 bit 7 agcsig : demodulator output enable bit, after the agc loop is active 1 = enabled ? no output until agc is regulating at around 20 mv pp at input pins. the agc active status bit is set when the agc begins regulating. 0 = disabled ? the device passes signal of any level it is capable of detecting bit 6-5 modmin<1:0> : minimum modulation depth bit 00 =33% 01 =60% 10 =14% 11 =8% bit 4-1 lczsen<3:0> (1) : lcz sensitivity reduction bit 0000 = -0 db (default) : 1111 = -30 db bit 0 r5par : register 5 parity bit ? set/cleared so the 9-bit register contains odd parity ? an odd number of set bits note 1: assured monotonic increment (or decrement) by design. legend: r = readable bit w = writable bit u = unimplemented bit, read as ?0? -n = value at por ?1? = bit is set ?0? = bit is cleared x = bit is unknown r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 r/w-0 colpar7 colpar6 colpar5 colpar4 colpar3 colpar2 colpar1 colpar0 r6par bit 8 bit 0 bit 8 colpar7 : set/cleared so that this 8th parity bit + the sum of the config. register row parity bits contain an odd number of set bits. bit 7 colpar6 : set/cleared such that this 7th parity bit + the sum of the 7th bits in config. registers 0 through 5 contain an odd number of set bits. bit 6 colpar5 : set/cleared such that this 6th parity bit + the sum of the 6th bits in config. registers 0 through 5 contain an odd number of set bits. bit 5 colpar4 : set/cleared such that this 5th parity bit + the sum of the 5th bits in config. registers 0 through 5 contain an odd number of set bits. bit 4 colpar3 : set/cleared such that this 4th parity bit + the sum of the 4th bits in config. registers 0 through 5 contain an odd number of set bits. bit 3 colpar2 : set/cleared such that this 3rd parity bit + the sum of the 3rd bits in config. registers 0 through 5 contain an odd number of set bits. bit 2 colpar1 : set/cleared such that this 2nd parity bit + the sum of the 2nd bits in config. registers 0 through 5 contain an odd number of set bits. bit 1 colpar0 : set/cleared such that this 1st parity bit + the sum of the 1st bits in config. registers 0 through 5 contain an odd number of set bits. bit 0 r6par : register 6 parity bit ? set/cleared so the 9-bit register contains odd parity ? an odd number of set bits legend: r = readable bit w = writable bit u = unimplemented bit, read as ?0? -n = value at por ?1? = bit is set ?0? = bit is cleared x = bit is unknown
? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 55 mcp2030 register 5-8: status register 7 (address: 0111) see table 5-7 for the bit conditions of the afe status register after various spi commands and the afe power-on reset. r-0 r-0 r-0 r-0 r-0 r-0 r-0 r-0 r-0 chzact chyact chxact agcact wakez wakey wakex alarm pei bit 8 bit 0 bit 8 chzact : channel z active (1) bit (cleared via soft reset) 1 = channel z is passing data after t agc 0 = channel z is not passing data after t agc bit 7 chyact : channel y active (1) bit (cleared via soft reset) 1 = channel y is passing data after t agc 0 = channel y is not passing data after t agc bit 6 chxact : channel x active (1) bit (cleared via soft reset) 1 = channel x is passing data after t agc 0 = channel x is not passing data after t agc bit 5 agcact : agc active status bit (real time, cleared via soft reset) 1 = agc is active (input signal is strong). agc is ac tive when input signal level is approximately > 20 mv pp range. 0 = agc is inactive (input signal is weak) bit 4 wakez : wake-up channel z indicator status bit (cleared via soft reset) 1 = channel z caused a dev ice wake-up (passed ? 64 clock counter) 0 = channel z did not cause a device wake-up bit 3 wakey : wake-up channel y indicator status bit (cleared via soft reset) 1 = channel y caused a device wake-up (passed ? 64 clock counter) 0 = channel y did not cause a device wake-up bit 2 wakex : wake-up channel x indicator status bit (cleared via soft reset) 1 = channel x caused a device wake-up (passed ? 64 clock counter) 0 = channel x did not cause a device wake-up bit 1 alarm : indicates whether an alarm timer time-out ha s occurred (cleared via read ?status register command?) 1 = the alarm timer time-out has occurred. it may cause the alert output to go low depending on the state of bit 4 of the configuration register 0 0 = the alarm timer is not timed out bit 0 pei : parity error indicator bit ? indicates whether a confi guration register parity error has occurred (real time) 1 = a parity error has occurred and caused the alert output to go low 0 = a parity error has not occurred note 1: bit is high whenever channel is passi ng data. bit is low in standby mode. legend: r = readable bit w = writable bit u = unimplemented bit, read as ?0? -n = value at por ?1? = bit is set ?0? = bit is cleared x = bit is unknown
mcp2030 ds21981b-page 56 ? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. table 5-7: status register bit condition (after power-on reset and various spi commands) condition bit 8 bit 7 bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 bit 0 chzact chyact chxact agcact wakez wakey wakex alarm pei por 0 0 0 0 00001 read command (status register only) u u u u uuu0u sleep command u u u u uuuuu soft reset executed (1) 0 0 0 0 000uu legend: u = unchanged note 1: see section 5.20 ?soft reset? and section 5.31.2.4 ?soft reset command? for the condition of soft reset execution.
? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 57 mcp2030 6.0 packaging information 6.1 package marking information 14-lead pdip xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx yywwnnn example mcp2030-i/p 0510017 14-lead soic xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx yywwnnn example mcp2030isl 0510017 14-lead tssop xxxxxxxx yyww nnn example 2030i 0510 017 3 e 3 e legend: xx...x customer-specific information y year code (last digit of calendar year) yy year code (last 2 digits of calendar year) ww week code (week of january 1 is week ?01?) nnn alphanumeric traceability code pb-free jedec designator for matte tin (sn) * this package is pb-free. the pb-free jedec designator ( ) can be found on the outer packaging for this package. note : in the event the full microchip part number cannot be marked on one line, it will be carried over to the next line, thus limiting the number of available characters for customer-specific information. 3 e 3 e
mcp2030 ds21981b-page 58 ? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. 14-lead plastic dual in-line (p) ? 300 mil body (pdip) e1 n d 1 2 eb ? e c a a1 b b1 l a2 p ? units inches* millimeters dimension limits min nom max min nom max number of pins n 14 14 pitch p .100 2.54 top to seating plane a .140 .155 .170 3.56 3.94 4.32 molded package thickness a2 .115 .130 .145 2.92 3.30 3.68 base to seating plane a1 .015 0.38 shoulder to shoulder width e .300 .313 .325 7.62 7.94 8.26 molded package width e1 .240 .250 .260 6.10 6.35 6.60 overall length d .740 .750 .760 18.80 19.05 19.30 tip to seating plane l .125 .130 .135 3.18 3.30 3.43 lead thickness c .008 .012 .015 0.20 0.29 0.38 upper lead width b1 .045 .058 .070 1.14 1.46 1.78 lower lead width b .014 .018 .022 0.36 0.46 0.56 overall row spacing eb .310 .370 .430 7.87 9.40 10.92 mold draft angle top ? 51015 51015 ? 51015 51015 mold draft angle bottom * controlling parameter notes: dimensions d and e1 do not include mold flash or protrusions. mold flash or protrusions shall not exceed .010? (0.254mm) per side. jedec equivalent: ms-001 drawing no. c04-005 significant characteristic note: for the most current package drawings, please see the microchip packaging specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging
? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 59 mcp2030 14-lead plastic small outline (sl) ? narrow, 150 mil body (soic) foot angle ? 048048 15 12 0 15 12 0 ? mold draft angle bottom 15 12 0 15 12 0 ? mold draft angle top 0.51 0.42 0.36 .020 .017 .014 b lead width 0.25 0.23 0.20 .010 .009 .008 c lead thickness 1.27 0.84 0.41 .050 .033 .016 l foot length 0.51 0.38 0.25 .020 .015 .010 h chamfer distance 8.81 8.69 8.56 .347 .342 .337 d overall length 3.99 3.90 3.81 .157 .154 .150 e1 molded package width 6.20 5.99 5.79 .244 .236 .228 e overall width 0.25 0.18 0.10 .010 .007 .004 a1 standoff 1.55 1.42 1.32 .061 .056 .052 a2 molded package thickness 1.75 1.55 1.35 .069 .061 .053 a overall height 1.27 .050 p pitch 14 14 n number of pins max nom min max nom min dimension limits millimeters inches* units 2 1 d p n b e e1 h l c ? 45 ? ? ? a2 a a1 * controlling parameter notes: dimensions d and e1 do not include mold flash or protrusions. mold flash or protrusions shall not exceed .010? (0.254mm) per side. jedec equivalent: ms-012 drawing no. c04-065 significant characteristic note: for the most current package drawings, please see the microchip packaging specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging
mcp2030 ds21981b-page 60 ? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. 14-lead plastic thin shrink small outline (st) ? 4.4 mm body (tssop) 8 4 0 8 4 0 ? foot angle 10 5 0 10 5 0 ? mold draft angle bottom 10 5 0 10 5 0 ? mold draft angle top 0.30 0.25 0.19 .012 .010 .007 b lead width 0.20 0.15 0.09 .008 .006 .004 c lead thickness 0.70 0.60 0.50 .028 .024 .020 l foot length 5.10 5.00 4.90 .201 .197 .193 d molded package length 4.50 4.40 4.30 .177 .173 .169 e1 molded package width 6.50 6.38 6.25 .256 .251 .246 e overall width 0.15 0.10 0.05 .006 .004 .002 a1 standoff 0.95 0.90 0.85 .037 .035 .033 a2 molded package thickness 1.10 .043 a overall height 0.65 .026 p pitch 14 14 n number of pins max nom min max nom min dimension limits millimeters* inches units l ? c ? 2 1 d n b p e1 e ? a2 a1 a * controlling parameter notes: dimensions d and e1 do not include mold flash or protrusions. mold flash or protrusions shall not exceed .005? (0.127mm) per side. jedec equivalent: mo-153 drawing no. c04-087 significant characteristic note: for the most current package drawings, please see the microchip packaging specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging
? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 61 mcp2030 appendix a: revision history revision b (january 2013) added a note to each package outline drawing. revision a (november 2005) ? original release of this document.
mcp2030 ds21981b-page 62 ? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. notes:
? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 63 mcp2030 product identification system to order or obtain information, e.g. , on pricing or delivery, refer to the factory or the listed sales office. part no. x /xx xxx pattern package temperature range device device: mcp2030: standard v dd range mcp2030t: (tape and reel) temperature range: i= -40 ? c to +85 ? c package: p = pdip (300 mil, 14-pin) sl = soic (gull wing, 150 mil body, 14-pin) st = tssop (4.4 mm, 14-pin) examples: a) mcp2030-i/p: industrial temp., 14ld pdip. b) mcp2030-i/sl: industrial temp., 14ld soic. c) mcp2030-i/st: industrial temp., 14ld tssop.
mcp2030 ds21981b-page 64 ? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. notes:
? 2005-2013 microchip technology inc. ds21981b-page 65 information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is provided only for your convenience and may be superseded by updates. it is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications. microchip makes no representations or warranties of any kind whether express or implied, written or oral, statutory or otherwise, related to the information, including but not limited to its condition, quality, performance, merchantability or fitness for purpose . microchip disclaims all liability arising from this information and its use. use of microchip devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at the buyer?s risk, and the buyer agrees to defend, indemnify and hold harmless microchip from any and all damages, claims, suits, or expenses resulting from such use. no licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any microchip intellectual property rights. trademarks the microchip name and logo, the microchip logo, dspic, flashflex, k ee l oq , k ee l oq logo, mplab, pic, picmicro, picstart, pic 32 logo, rfpic, sst, sst logo, superflash and uni/o are registered trademarks of microchip technology incorporated in the u.s.a. and other countries. filterlab, hampshire, hi-tech c, linear active thermistor, mtp, seeval and the embedded control solutions company are registered trademarks of microchip technology incorporated in the u.s.a. silicon storage technology is a registered trademark of microchip technology inc. in other countries. analog-for-the-digital age, app lication maestro, bodycom, chipkit, chipkit logo, codeguard, dspicdem, dspicdem.net, dspicworks, dsspeak, ecan, economonitor, fansense, hi-tide, in-circuit serial programming, icsp, mindi, miwi, mpasm, mpf, mplab certified logo, mplib, mplink, mtouch, omniscient code generation, picc, picc-18, picdem, picdem.net, pickit, pictail, real ice, rflab, select mode, sqi, serial quad i/o, total endurance, tsharc, uniwindriver, wiperlock, zena and z-scale are trademarks of microchip technology incorporated in the u.s.a. and other countries. sqtp is a service mark of microchip technology incorporated in the u.s.a. gestic and ulpp are registered trademarks of microchip technology germany ii gmbh & co. & kg, a subsidiary of microchip technology inc., in other countries. all other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies. ? 2005-2013, microchip technology incorporated, printed in the u.s.a., all rights reserved. printed on recycled paper. isbn: 9781620769232 note the following details of the code protection feature on microchip devices: ? microchip products meet the specification cont ained in their particular microchip data sheet. ? microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used i n the intended manner and under normal conditions. ? there are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. all of these methods, to our knowledge, require using the microchip produc ts in a manner outside the operating specif ications contained in microchip?s data sheets. most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property. ? microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code. ? neither microchip nor any other semiconduc tor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. code protection does not mean that we are guaranteeing the product as ?unbreakable.? code protection is constantly evolving. we at microchip are co mmitted to continuously improvin g the code protection features of our products. attempts to break microchip?s code protection feature may be a violation of the digital millennium copyright act. if such acts allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that act. microchip received iso/ts-16949:2009 certification for its worldwide headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in chandler and tempe, arizona; gresham, oregon and design centers in california and india. the company?s quality system processes and procedures are for its pic ? mcus and dspic ? dscs, k ee l oq ? code hopping devices, serial eeproms, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and analog products. in addition, microchip?s quality system for the design and manufacture of development systems is iso 9001:2000 certified. quality management s ystem certified by dnv == iso/ts 16949 ==
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